Toulmin Model

Here are some links to the Toulmin model information.

http://writing2.richmond.edu/writing/wweb/toulminprint.html

http://commfaculty.fullerton.edu/rgass/toulmin2.htm

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/588/03/

http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/guide.cfm?guideid=58

The basic breakdown is this: Stephen Toulmin noticed that good, realistic arguments consist of six parts:

Data-- facts or evidence used to prove the argument
Claim-- statement being argued (thesis)
Warrants-- general, hypothetical logical arguments that bridge between claim and data
Qualifiers-- statements that limit the strength of the argument
Rebuttals-- Counter-arguments or statements indicating circumstances when the general argument doesn't hold true
Backing-- statements that serve to support the warrants


Outline Form for Toulmin Model
I. Introduction of the problem or topic
   A. Hook (gets reader's attention)
   B. Introduce problem or topic
   C.  Introduce our CLAIM or thesis, possibly with qualifiers
II. Offer data to support argument
III. Explore warrants to show how data is connected to claim
    A. Warrant #1 (Reason 1)
    B. Warrant #2 (Reason 2)
IV. Offer factual backing to show that logic used in the warrants is good in terms of realism as well as theory
    A. Backing for Warrant #1
    B. Backing for Warrant #2
V. Discuss counter-argument
VI. Rebuttal (Reason #3)
VII. Conclusion -- implications of the argument, summation of points, or final evocative thought to ensure the reader remembers the argument